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German philosopher Arthur Schopenhauer, who was born a few months after the Constitution of September 17, 1787 was completed, said this about the truth: “All truth passes through three stages. First, it is ridiculed. Second, it is violently opposed. Third, it is accepted as being self-evident.”

The truth told about how George Washington came to be President and Chief Executive Officer of the territory owned by and ceded to the United States of America hasn’t been ridiculed, because the George Washington, President of the United States story is told with indisputable facts. 

The truth about how the United States, which consist of the territory owned by and ceded to the United States of America, were formed into a Union separate from the perpetual Union is not being violently opposed, because few Americans know the difference between what they believe and a fact.

The self-evident truths sprinkled throughout these posts are being re-constituted in the Advanced Course in Law and Government.  Any Student, who has completed the Basic Course in Law and Government, and who also completes the Advanced Course will be able to limit any bar admitted attorney to territory owned by and ceded to the United States of America.  The Advanced Student will, also, be able to limit any American elected or appointed official to territory owned by and ceded to the United States of America.

I predict that my Advanced Course in Law and Government will be so complete that it will be the only truth that will not go through Schopenhauer’s stages.

Dr. Eduardo M. Rivera        

The “We the People of the United States,” of the Preamble, did not  “ordain and establish” “this Constitution for the United States of America” for themselves.  Their unwritten Constitution can be found in the Declaration of Independence.  “He has combined with others to subject us to a Jurisdiction foreign to our Constitution, and unacknowledged by our Laws; giving his Assent to their Acts of pretended Legislation:”  An unwritten Constitution is the only one appropriate for a free people.  This story is not about that Constitution.  This story is about “this Constitution.” 

The free People of the thirteen States ordained and established this Constitution for the Confederacy known as the United States of America, which was established, when Maryland, on March 1, 1781, became the thirteenth State to ratify the Articles of Confederation.  The confusion is intended, because the first two Organic Laws make it impossible to subject those unwilling to government law; they have to be tricked into it.

“This Constitution” is the one everyone exalts and esteems, but which sadly remains hopelessly un-adopted.  “This Constitution” is, of course, a written constitution and yes it does refer eleven times to “this Constitution,” and it means every reference.

“This Constitution” has been ratified and it has been established between first nine States and finally all thirteen States of the first and perpetual first Union, but that falls short of adoption.  However, “this Constitution” ratified by nine States is good enough for government work, so it becomes the Constitution of the United States.

The Constitution that is adopted is the “Constitution of the United States.”  George Washington adopts that Constitution, when he takes the oral oath of the Office of President of the United States: “I, George Washington, do solemnly swear that I will faithfully execute the Office of President of the United States, and will to the best of my Ability, preserve, protect and defend the Constitution of the United States. So help me God.”        

When George Washington takes the oral oath of Office to one Presidency, he can’t very well, also, take the written oath requiring subscription of the Office of President, which would adopt “this Constitution for the United States of America.” 

This is the short version of the true story of the Constitutions, to get the rest of the story you must take the advanced course in law and government. 

Dr. Eduardo M. Rivera      

 

If one searches the Internet for the Organic Laws of the United States of America, the Declaration of Independence, Articles of Confederation, Northwest Ordinance of July 13, 1787 and the Constitution of September 17, 1787 will be shown as the fundamental and organic law preceding the United States Code.  Secrets bound up in the four Organic Laws limit the United States Code to the territory owned by and ceded to the United States of America.  Further Internet searches of the Articles of Confederation and the Constitution of the United States will erroneously claim that the Constitution replaced the Articles of Confederation. 

There is no real evidence that the Articles of Confederation have been replaced, simply, because it is not true.  The purpose and lesson of this post is to demonstrate the critical importance of Article IV of the Articles of Confederation to the freedom of the American people.  The contrived abolition of the Articles of Confederation makes possible the idea that the Constitution of the United States grants Congress legislative power over the inhabitants within the several states.  Restoration of the Articles of Confederation restores individual freedom in America without delay, while confirming the limitation of federal law to federal territory.  Statute laws enacted since June 1, 1789 have been codified into the federal United States Code.    

The United States Code consists of 50 Titles, beginning with Title 1. General Provisions; Title 2. The Congress;  Title 3.The President;  Title 4. Flag and Seal, Seat of Government, and the States;  Title 5. Government Organization and Employees; and Appendix;  Title 6. Domestic Security and continuing in alphabetical order with Title 7. Agriculture and ending with 50. War and National Defense; and Appendix.  The voluminous laws that few, if any, members of Congress read before enactment are codified into the various Titles of the United States Code.  When all the statute laws enacted by Congress pertaining to one of the Titles, are deemed by Congress to accurately reflect what has been codified that Title has been enacted into positive law.

Of the first five Titles, only Title 2.  The Congress, has not been enacted into positive law.  The Congress which is the subject of Title 2 is the “Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives.”  Unlike the Office of President of the United States, the Congress of the United States vested with the legislative power has not been extensively changed by constitutional amendment to become “the Congress.”  Beginning with the 12^th Amendment to the Constitution of the United States the Office of President of the United States has become the Office of President.  The transformation of the Office of the President of the United States into the Office of President began with George Washington’s taking of the oral oath to that Office.  The existence of and continuity of the United States in Congress assembled is still hidden in the syntax of the first sentence of the Constitution of September 17, 1787.              

The conspiracy of all conspiracies is the one that claims the Constitution of the United States replaced the Articles of Confederation.  In practically all American history books, somewhere in those texts the lie will appear that the Articles of Confederation are no more replaced by the Constitution of the United States.  For 220 years the federal government has hidden the fact that the Articles of Confederation were not replaced by the Constitution of the United States.  The Articles of Confederation not the Constitution of the United States is, therefore, the most important Organic Law of the United States of America after the Declaration of Independence.

Anyone who clings to Constitutional rights and longs for the restoration of the republic is seriously mistaken about the meaning of the Organic Law of the United States of America especially the Articles of Confederation:

Articles of Confederation Article IV.

The better to secure and perpetuate mutual friendship and intercourse among the people of the different states in this union, the free inhabitants of each of these states, paupers, vagabonds and fugitives from Justice excepted, shall be entitled to all privileges and immunities of free citizens in the several states; and the people of each state shall have free ingress and regress to and from any other state, and shall enjoy therein all the privileges of trade and commerce, subject to the same duties, impositions and restrictions as the inhabitants thereof respectively, provided that such restriction shall not extend so far as to prevent the removal of property imported into any state, to any other state of which the Owner is aninhabitant; provided also that no imposition, duties or restriction shall be laid by any state, on the property of the united states, or either of them.

Each of the thirteen original states was bound by the Articles of Confederation to recognize the right of every inhabitant to enjoy all the privileges and immunities enjoyed by persons who claim to be citizens in the several states of the original and perpetual Union.  George Washington and the Freemasons devised the Northwest Ordinance of July 13, 1787 and Constitution of September 17, 1787 to permit the State governments of the thirteen states to make laws that would appear to be binding on both the inhabitants and citizens of the several States.

The balance of this post will be available to advanced Students who have taken and successfully completed the basic course in law and government.

Dr. Eduardo M. Rivera

There is no justice in America, because there is one employee of the federal government occupying the position of Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States.  Putting an American Chief Justice at the head of the legal system, touted as “the supreme law of the Land,” had the same effect as making the presiding judge in the king’s bench division of the high court of justice Chief Justice in England.  The “Lord Chief Justice of England” exercises the judicial power of the monarch in England.  The Chief Justice of the Supreme Court exercises the “judicial power” of the Congress of the United States.  There is no separate judicial power just as there is no separate executive power.  All government power in America has been exercised, since 1789, by a few people making written laws enforced, by Justices and judges, without real judicial power.    

The title of Chief Justice is located in Article I, the legislative Article, and there the person with that title is charged with the solitary legislative duty of presiding over the impeachment of the President of the United States, which is a legislative function not a judicial one.  The statutory creation of the Office of Chief Justice was a two-step process.  Statute I, Chapter XVIII of September 23, 1789 set the annual compensation for “the judges of the Supreme and other courts of the United States.”  Statute I, Chapter XX, Section 1. of September 24,1789, the Judiciary Act of 1789 established by statute “the supreme court of the United States and the office of chief justice. 

The legislative creation of the Chief Justice and the Supreme Court of the United States was complete when the President of the United States, a legislative Officer, approved the federal judicial system, by signing the compensation and judiciary Bills.  This was all possible, because “this Constitution” required an adoption by the Congress of the United States and the person elected President of the United States of America.  The adoption of this Constitution could take place no sooner than July 4, 1790.  By the time that date was reached, George Washington had established a permanent federal government for the territory owned by and ceded to the United States of America, but which was extended beyond those boundaries by the federal census and voting in federal elections.  The takeover of law and government in America had been accomplished without one shot being fired.

         The balance of this post is available only to Students enrolled in the Advanced Course on Law and Government.

The Constitution of September 17, 1787 was ratified by the thirteen States of the original and perpetual Union, the Confederacy styled the United States of America, but it was not adopted by a President and Congress bound by oath “to support this Constitution,” the Constitution of September 17, 1787.  This Constitution is the one erroneously thought to be operating in America.   The Constitutional Convention meeting in secret devised the clever scheme, whereby George Washington would be ineligible to fill the Article II Section 1 Clause 5 Office of President.  The “fourteen Years a Resident within the United States” requirement could not be met until after July 4, 1790, by Washington or anyone else.  The absence of a President aborted this Constitution and prevented its adoption.

Washington was elected by the Presidential Electors on February 4, 1789, months after New Hampshire, on June 21, 1788, became the ninth State to ratify the Constitution of September 17, 1787.  From before May 25, 1787, when the Constitutional Convention first met through the State ratifications of the Constitution George Washington was engaged in an active conspiracy to take over the governments of America.

The balance of this post is available only to Students enrolled in the Advanced Course on Law and Government.

Dr. Eduardo M. Rivera         

In an interview of Nevada Senator and United States Senate majority leader Harry Reid, all but admitted that the federal government is voluntary to everyone not a part of it or residing on the territory owned by and ceded to the United States of America.  The video of the Reid interview on www.janhelfeld.com presents a very confused Senator Reid trying to convince Helfeld that taxation in the United States is voluntary.

Regular readers of my posts know that it is the federal government that is voluntary; taxation by definition is the mandatory imposition of a tax by government.  Helfeld’s interview of New Mexico Governor and former U.S. Ambassador to the U.N., Bill Richardson, demonstrates dramatically the real basis of federal government power: the proprietary power of the United States of America to defend the territory owned by and ceded to the United States of America.

Dr. Eduardo M. Rivera 

Transcription of Senator Harry Reid interview

Jan Helfeld: …if the government is in the business of forcefully taking money from some people in order to provide welfare benefits to others, how will the people whose money is being taken feel about the government?

Harry Reid: Well, I don’t accept your phraseology. I don’t think we “force” people…

Helfeld: Taxation is not forceful?

Reid: Well, no.

Helfeld: It’s voluntary?

Reid: In fact, quite to the contrary. Our system of government is a voluntary tax system.

Helfeld: Oh… if you don’t want to pay your taxes, you don’t have to?

Reid: Of course you have to pay your taxes, but…

Helfeld: The government will force you to pay, or they’ll fine you or imprison you. Won’t they?

Reid: We have a voluntary system. The fact of the matter is, that if when you pay your taxes — you see, in many other countries, it’s not voluntary.  For example, in many countries, the government makes sure that your employer takes out every penny. Many countries don’t file income tax returns. Why?

Helfeld: We have withholding here too, don’t we?

Reid: Pardon me?

Helfeld: Withholding.

Reid: With some program, yes. But I’m talking about in some countries, European countries as an example, there… you don’t file an income tax return. There is no need to, because your employer takes all the money out. That’s the difference between a voluntary and an involuntary system.

Helfeld: But can…? Can…?

Reid: You can choose to not pay your taxes, but I don’t accept your phraseology, that you forcibly take money from somebody else and give it to others. You know, that’s the way it is on any program. I mean…

Helfeld: Can the taxpayer…?

Reid: …highway program is the same. We…

Helfeld: Excuse me.

Reid: We take money, we “forcibly” take money in your phraseology, but…

Helfeld: But can…? Let me ask you something.

Reid: …build highways with it, put people in the Army.

Helfeld: Can the taxpayer decide not to pay his taxes if he wants?

Reid: He can… He can not pay his taxes if he wants.

Helfeld: What will be the…? What will happen?

Reid: He’ll be subject to civil and criminal penalties.

Helfeld: They’ll put him in jail — they’ll use force against him. He pays…everybody pays taxes under threat of jail or fines: on the threat of force. In other words, you are forced to pay your taxes. Whether you fill out your form voluntarily or whether its withheld by your employer, you 

don’t have a choice on whether you can pay taxes that are going to be used for welfare programs — you can’t make that choice.

 

Reid: Well, but the reason our system is called a voluntary tax system — and I recognize, you know, that ultimately you can’t cheat your taxes, but our… We have many provisions in the law they don’t have in most countries: we have deductibility for home interest on mortgage payment, they don’t have that in most countries, we have deductibility for certain excessive expenses as relates to health — doctors, hospitals — we have all kinds of tax — some people call them “loopholes” but others would call them “incentives for people to do business” — and that’s why… You know, you’re not “forced” to pay certain taxes. There are ways… if you decide to buy a home and…

Helfeld: You can decide not to pay taxes? In the United States?

Reid: I mean, I really don’t understand what you’re trying to get at. If you’re… What… the point of the matter is…

Helfeld: Because you objected to my phraseology. You said that… you say that the government isn’t forcefully taking money from some people to provide welfare benefits to others, and, in fact, that’s what it’s doing, because all taxation is forceful. It’s backed up by physical force. If you 

don’t pay your taxes, the government will intervene with you forcefully.  So you don’t have a choice. It’s not voluntary. You can’t decide not to pay and not suffer consequences. If you don’t pay, you’ll go to jail. So: you’re forced to pay.

Reid: You don’t… you don’t go to jail. Some people go to jail. There are all kind of civil penalties if you don’t pay your taxes: you pay interest and you pay penalties. The fact of the matter is, our system is a voluntary system.

Jason Hommel made the following offer on his website: http://silverstockreport.com/2009/obama-reward.html

“I, Jason Hommel, promise that I will give $100,000 to the first person who can prove to my satisfaction that Barack Obama, acting as president of the United States, is a “natural born” citizen of the USA, which is a qualification to hold the office as indicated in the U.S. Constitution.”

Mr. Hommel is what the media derisively calls “a birther,” someone who believes Barack Hussein Obama is not qualified to be President of the United States, because he is not a natural born Citizen, whose parents were both citizens of the United States on the date of his birth.

I teach my students that ever since George Washington was elected to be President of the United States of America, in accordance with Article II Section 1 Clauses 2 & 3, the eligibility of a person for the Office of President has not be in issue.  George Washington did not qualify to be President, because he was not eligible for the Office of President.  The fourteen years residence within the United States could be met until July 4, 1790.  Washington was elected February 4, 1789 and took the oath of Office of President of the United States on April 30, 1789.

My student’s entries for the $100,000 prize explained in detail why there are no qualifications for the two Offices held by Barack Hussein Obama and how no President in the history of American government has held the Office of President.  There was no reason why Mr. Hommel should be unsatisfied with the explanations my students gave.

The Students of the Ed Rivera Internet School of Law and Government who entered Mr. Hommel’s contest deserve the $100,000 prize he offered for proof that President Barack Hussein Obama lawfully occupies the Office of President of the United States.

I am, therefore, dedicating my future educational efforts to helping them achieve every financial success possible using the knowledge they have obtained from my school.  I will prove in the marketplace that the education I offer is worth much more than what is available at Harvard and Yale, just to name a couple of over-rated law schools.

My students will be converting the posts on this website to written material available for commercial sale to the public.  This will mean, of course, that I will be editing past posts to describe what will be available in the marketplace.  New posts will promote students and their work.

Dr. Eduardo M. Rivera       

 

The first sentence of the Constitution of September 17, 1787 is not the Preamble, because the Preamble is not law.  A constitution is the organic and fundamental law of a nation or state.  The Preamble cryptically explains why “this Constitution” is to be the organic and fundamental law for “the People of the United States,” but not for the Congress of the United States. 

“We the People of the United States” will become the first subjects of a socialist state, when the Citizens of the first nine United States ratify “this Constitution” and they begin to replace “our Constitution” of the Declaration of Independence and the Articles of Confederation with “this Constitution.”  

This is the first sentence and the first law of this Constitution: “All legislative Powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives.”  The Office of the President of the United States shares in the exercise of these exclusive “legislative Powers,” so the persons, who are to become the most powerful in the world are not so, because they are invested with executive power. 

The most powerful men on earth are those elected by the People to secretly serve a socialist oligarchy.  The “Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives” and its secret legislative Officer, the President of the United States, have maintained an increasingly growing socialist agenda.    

Black’s Law Dictionary 4th Ed. defines “socialism” as,

[A]ny theory or system of social organization which would abolish, entirely or in great part, the individual effort and competition on which modern society rests, and substitute for it co-operative action, would introduce a more perfect and equal distribution of the products of labor, and would make land and capital, as the instruments and means of production, the joint possession of the members of the community.   

All government power is to be found in the four Organic Laws: the Declaration of Independence of July 4, 1776, Articles of Confederation of November 15, 1777, Northwest Ordinance of July 13, 1787 and the Constitution of the United States.    Where in any of the four Organic Laws is there a source of authority to produce socialism?

The Northwest Ordinance of July 13, 1787 created a temporary territorial government for the settlers and inhabitants of the States of the Northwest Territory, the States of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin and part of Minnesota.  The settlers and inhabitants of the States of the Northwest Territory are not free and independent to the same degree as the settlers and inhabitants of the thirteen original States.  The settlers and inhabitants of the Northwest Territory cannot have domiciles in their States nor can they be Citizens of the United States until their States become admitted into the Confederacy of the United States of America.  The power of Congress results from a law making authority not bound by any constitution.

George Washington began the socialization of American law and government.  Every succeeding President of the United States has brought America deeper into socialism.  The truth and nothing but the truth about law and government will change the course of socialism in America.  You must become a student of the law and government as presented in these posts.  Only the truth will make you free.

Dr. Eduardo M. Rivera 

I began my formal legal education at the University of California at Los Angeles School of Law in 1968, the same year Black’s Law Dictionary 4th Ed. was published.  I used it in law school and I have continued to use it, as I teach the law I was never taught.  I will, therefore, use it in this post.

Black’s Law Dictionary 4th Ed. defines “democracy” as,

[T]hat form of government in which the sovereign power resides in and is exercised by the whole body of free citizens, as distinguished from a monarchy, aristocracy, or oligarchy.  According to the theory of a pure democracy, every citizen should participate directly in the business of governing, and the legislative assembly should comprise the whole people.  But the ultimate lodgment of the sovereignty being the distinguishing feature, the introduction of the representative system does not remove a government from this type.  However, a government of the latter kind is sometimes specifically described as a “representative democracy.”

Black’s Law Dictionary 4th Ed. defines a “republic” as, “[A] commonwealth; that form of government in which the administration of affairs is open to all the citizens.  In another sense, it signifies the state, independently of its form of government.”

Black’s Law Dictionary 4th Ed. defines the criminal law “confederacy,” apparently because historians and corporate publishers all subscribe to the propaganda, which I have discredited that the Constitution of September 17, 1787 replaced the Articles of Confederation.  This is confirmed by the definition of “confederation,” which is defined as, “[A] league or compact for mutual support, particularly of princes, nations, or states.  Such was the colonial government during the Revolution.”

The answer to the question: WHAT DID THE CONSTITUTION OF SEPTEMBER 17, 1787 CREATE?  1. A  DEMOCRACY  2.  A REPRESENTATIVE DEMOCRACY  3.  A REPUBLIC  4.  A CONFEDERACY 5. NONE OF THESE, is none of these.

The first nine States that ratified “this Constitution,” the written Constitution of September 17, 1787, did so by State Conventions of Citizens of those States.  The ratification process provided for by Article VII of “this Constitution” could not include the “People of the United States” in the Preamble, as they were not eligible to vote in any State Convention.  The only possible Citizens of the United States were Citizens of the thirteen original States.  The Confederacy of the United States of America was not fully formed until Maryland became the thirteenth State to ratify the Articles of Confederation on March 1, 1781.  The Constitution of September 17, 1787, in Article I Section 2 Clause 2 required members of the House of Representatives to be Citizens of the United States for seven years at the time of their election.  This made it possible for Representatives from the States of the Northwest Territory to qualify for election to the House of Representatives.  The Northwest Ordinance of July 13, 1787 permitted representation and debate, but no right to vote.  Senators were required to be Citizens of the United States for nine years, when elected meaning that they could only qualify by being Citizens of one or more of the thirteen States.

The waiver of the natural born Citizen eligibility requirement, in Article II Section 1 Clause 5 of the Constitution, for George Washington, by conditioning eligibility on the “Adoption of this Constitution,” which would only occur when the President and the Congress of the United States took and subscribed the Article VI oath “to support this Constitution.”        

 

The federal Union of the States of the Northwest Territory, Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin and part of Minnesota would be the first federal States.  The State names of the Northwest Territory would be joined by 31 new State names that would become the United States.       

The United States would not have citizens until July 9, 1868, when the States of the first and perpetual Union, the United States of America ratified the Fourteenth Amendment.  The Constitution of September 17, 1787 created no democracy, no representative democracy and no republic because it created no new citizens.  Article I Section 10:

No State shall enter into any Treaty, Alliance, or Confederation; grant Letters of Marque and Reprisal; coin Money; emit Bills of Credit; make any Thing but gold and silver Coin a Tender in Payment of Debts; pass any Bill of Attainder, ex post facto Law, or Law impairing the Obligation of Contracts, or grant any Title of Nobility.

The federal States of the Northwest Territory were already part of the Confederacy, the United States of America, so the entry into a Confederation would not keep them out of the United States of America, but neither did the Constitution of September 17, 1787 create the Articles of Confederation United States of America.

Dr. Eduardo M. Rivera   

  

 

The Declaration of Independence freed Americans from the tyranny of the British monarchy, so it is enshrined as the first of the Organic Laws of the United States of America.  The secret that my Students are all taught is that the Declaration of Independence only frees those who are not on territory owned by and ceded to the United States of America.

The second Organic Law establishes a Confederacy of the thirteen States.  One can readily see that even something as fancy sounding as the “United States of America,” a Confederacy can’t have much power over the American people of the United States of America, the nation, if it can’t make laws and it can’t tax.  A confederacy creates an alliance of governments for purposes of defense and the facilitation of commerce.  The States that comprise the Confederacy have no territory.  The territory of the states is retained by the people of the United States of America, the nation.

The third Organic Law is called the Northwest Ordinance of July 13, 1787 and it is the last in a series of laws for the Northwest Territory that consists of the future States of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin and part of Minnesota.  These are the United States and they belong to the United States of America the Confederacy.  The settlers and inhabitants of the Northwest Territory are the “We the People of the United States,” which belong to the Confederacy known as the United States of America.

The Preamble to the fourth Organic Law is not part of the Organic Law, so it is the main reason why the Constitution of September 17, 1787 is so misunderstood.  The People in the Preamble who “do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America,” are the people of those States of the Northwest Territory, which have not been admitted into the perpetual Union, the one that goes on forever.

The first nine States to ratify “this Constitution,” establish it within State government with respect to any federal territory that may exist in the future.  The grant of legislative power is applicable only to territory owned by and ceded to the United States of America.  The States did not have the power to confer legislative power over the “one People” of the Declaration of Independence.  The “one People” had “unalienable Rights,” which the People of the Northwest Territory United States did not have.

Socialism can be imposed by the “Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives,” on the People of the United States, but not on the “one People” of the Declaration of Independence.

Dr. Eduardo M. Rivera                  

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